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常用选项
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Usage: ss [ OPTIONS ]
ss [ OPTIONS ] [ FILTER ]
-h, --help this message
-V, --version output version information
-n, --numeric don't resolve service names
-r, --resolve resolve host names
-a, --all display all sockets
-l, --listening display listening socket
-o, --options show timer information
-e, --extended show detailed socket information
-m, --memory show socket memory usage
-p, --processes show process using socket
-i, --info show internal TCP information
-s, --summary show socket usage summary
-4, --ipv4 display only IP version 4 sockets
-6, --ipv6 display only IP version 6 sockets
-0, --packet display PACKET sockets
-t, --tcp display only TCP sockets
-u, --udp display only UDP sockets
-d, --dccp display only DCCP sockets
-w, --raw display only RAW sockets
-x, --unix display only Unix domain sockets
-f, --family=FAMILY display sockets of type FAMILY
-A, --query=QUERY, --socket=QUERY
QUERY := {all|inet|tcp|udp|raw|unix|packet|netlink}[,QUERY]
-D, --diag=FILE Dump raw information about TCP sockets to FILE
-F, --filter=FILE read filter information from FILE
FILTER := [ state TCP-STATE ] [ EXPRESSION ]
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实例1:显示TCP连接
命令:
ss -t -a
输出:
[root@localhost ~]# ss -t -aState Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 0 127.0.0.1:smux : LISTEN 0 0 *:3690 : LISTEN 0 0 *:ssh : ESTAB 0 0 192.168.120.204:ssh 10.2.0.68:49368 [root@localhost ~]#
说明:
实例2:显示 Sockets 摘要
命令:
ss -s
输出:
[root@localhost ~]# ss -sTotal: 34 (kernel 48)TCP: 4 (estab 1, closed 0, orphaned 0, synrecv 0, timewait 0/0), ports 3
Transport Total IP IPv6* 48 – – RAW 0 0 0 UDP 5 5 0 TCP 4 4 0 INET 9 9 0 FRAG 0 0 0
[root@localhost ~]#
说明:
列出当前的established, closed, orphaned and waiting TCP sockets
实例3:列出所有打开的网络连接端口
命令:
ss -l
输出:
[root@localhost ~]# ss -lRecv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port 0 0 127.0.0.1:smux : 0 0 *:3690 : 0 0 *:ssh : [root@localhost ~]#
说明:
实例4:查看进程使用的socket
命令:
ss -pl
输出:
[root@localhost ~]# ss -plRecv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port 0 0 127.0.0.1:smux : users:((“snmpd”,2716,8))0 0 *:3690 : users:((“svnserve”,3590,3))0 0 *:ssh : users:((“sshd”,2735,3))[root@localhost ~]#
说明:
实例5:找出打开套接字/端口应用程序
命令:
ss -lp | grep 3306
输出:
[root@localhost ~]# ss -lp|grep 19350 0 *:1935 : users:((“fmsedge”,2913,18))0 0 127.0.0.1:19350 : users:((“fmsedge”,2913,17))[root@localhost ~]# ss -lp|grep 33060 0 *:3306 : users:((“mysqld”,2871,10))[root@localhost ~]#
说明:
实例6:显示所有UDP Sockets
命令:
ss -u -a
输出:
[root@localhost ~]# ss -u -aState Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port UNCONN 0 0 127.0.0.1:syslog : UNCONN 0 0 *:snmp : ESTAB 0 0 192.168.120.203:39641 10.58.119.119:domain [root@localhost ~]#
说明:
实例7:显示所有状态为established的SMTP连接
命令:
ss -o state established ‘( dport = :smtp or sport = :smtp )’
输出:
[root@localhost ~]# ss -o state established ‘( dport = :smtp or sport = :smtp )’ Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port [root@localhost ~]#
说明:
实例8:显示所有状态为Established的HTTP连接
命令:
ss -o state established ‘( dport = :http or sport = :http )’
输出:
[root@localhost ~]# ss -o state established ‘( dport = :http or sport = :http )’ Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port 0 0 75.126.153.214:2164 192.168.10.42:http [root@localhost ~]#
说明:
实例9:列举出处于 FIN-WAIT-1状态的源端口为 80或者 443,目标网络为 193.233.7/24所有 tcp套接字
命令:
ss -o state fin-wait-1 ‘( sport = :http or sport = :https )’ dst 193.233.7/24
输出:
说明:
实例10:用TCP 状态过滤Sockets:
命令:
ss -4 state FILTER-NAME-HERE
ss -6 state FILTER-NAME-HERE
输出:
[root@localhost ~]#ss -4 state closing Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port 1 11094 75.126.153.214:http 192.168.10.42:4669
说明:
FILTER-NAME-HERE 可以代表以下任何一个:
established
syn-sent
syn-recv
fin-wait-1
fin-wait-2
time-wait
closed
close-wait
last-ack
listen
closing
all : 所有以上状态
connected : 除了listen and closed的所有状态
synchronized :所有已连接的状态除了syn-sent
bucket : 显示状态为maintained as minisockets,如:time-wait和syn-recv.
big : 和bucket相反.
实例11:匹配远程地址和端口号
命令:
ss dst ADDRESS_PATTERN
ss dst 192.168.1.5
ss dst 192.168.119.113:http
ss dst 192.168.119.113:smtp
ss dst 192.168.119.113:443
输出:
[root@localhost ~]# ss dst 192.168.119.113State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16014 192.168.119.113:20229 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16014 192.168.119.113:61056 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16014 192.168.119.113:61623 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16014 192.168.119.113:60924 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16050 192.168.119.113:43701 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16073 192.168.119.113:32930 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16073 192.168.119.113:49318 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16014 192.168.119.113:3844 [root@localhost ~]# ss dst 192.168.119.113:httpState Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port [root@localhost ~]# ss dst 192.168.119.113:3844State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16014 192.168.119.113:3844 [root@localhost ~]#
说明:
实例12:匹配本地地址和端口号
命令:
ss src ADDRESS_PATTERN
ss src 192.168.119.103
ss src 192.168.119.103:http
ss src 192.168.119.103:80
ss src 192.168.119.103:smtp
ss src 192.168.119.103:25
输出:
[root@localhost ~]# ss src 192.168.119.103:16021State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16021 192.168.119.201:63054 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16021 192.168.119.201:62894 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16021 192.168.119.201:63055 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16021 192.168.119.201:2274 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16021 192.168.119.201:44784 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16021 192.168.119.201:7233 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16021 192.168.119.103:58660 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16021 192.168.119.201:44822 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16021 10.2.1.206:56737 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16021 10.2.1.206:57487 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16021 10.2.1.206:56736 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16021 10.2.1.206:64652 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16021 10.2.1.206:56586 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16021 10.2.1.206:64653 ESTAB 0 0 192.168.119.103:16021 10.2.1.206:56587 [root@localhost ~]#
说明:
实例13:将本地或者远程端口和一个数比较
命令:
ss dport OP PORT
ss sport OP PORT
输出:
[root@localhost ~]# ss sport = :http [root@localhost ~]# ss dport = :http [root@localhost ~]# ss dport > :1024 [root@localhost ~]# ss sport > :1024 [root@localhost ~]# ss sport :32000 [root@localhost ~]# ss sport eq :22 [root@localhost ~]# ss dport != :22 [root@localhost ~]# ss state connected sport = :http [root@localhost ~]# ss ( sport = :http or sport = :https ) [root@localhost ~]# ss -o state fin-wait-1 ( sport = :http or sport = :https ) dst 192.168.1/24
说明:
ss dport OP PORT 远程端口和一个数比较;ss sport OP PORT 本地端口和一个数比较。
OP 可以代表以下任意一个:
>= or ge : 大于或等于端口号
== or eq : 等于端口号
!= or ne : 不等于端口号
> or lt : 大于端口号
实例14:ss 和 netstat 效率对比
命令:
time netstat -at
time ss
输出:
[root@localhost ~]# time ss real 0m0.739suser 0m0.019ssys 0m0.013s[root@localhost ~]# [root@localhost ~]# time netstat -atreal 2m45.907suser 0m0.063ssys 0m0.067s[root@localhost ~]#
总结
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